Lesson 3. Teenage Years' Life
What you'll learn:
Vocabulary: Teenagers’ Problems, Weblish
Speaking: Analysing teenage life from personal experience
Writing: Writing an essay or paragraph on teens’ problems

| chore [tʃɔ:] (n) a routine task, especially a household one. The early risers were up and about, doing their chores cute [kju:t] (adj) attractive in a pretty way. She had a cute little nose. desperately ['desp(ə)rətlı] (adv) in a way that shows despair. He looked around desperately. exceptionally [ık'sepʃ(ə)nəlı] (adv) to a greater degree than normal; unusually. The weather was exceptionally mild for the time of the year frustrated [frʌ'streıtıd] (adj) feeling or expressing distress and annoyance resulting from an inability to change or achieve something. Young people get frustrated with the system. graffiti [grə'fi:tı] (n)writing or drawings scribbled, scratched or sprayed on a wall or other surface in a public place. The station was covered in graffiti. metropolis [mı'trαp(ə)lıs] (n) the capital or chief city of a country or region. He preferred the peaceful life of the countryside to the metropolis shorthand ['ʃɔ:thænd] (n) a method of rapid writing by means of abbreviations and symbols, used especially for taking a dictation. He took notes in shorthand.

LISTEN AND ANSWER THE QUESTIONS! Read Listening Material LISTEN AND ANSWER THE QUESTIONS! Read Listening Material
Read through the questions. Then listen to the passage and answer the following questions.

1. What is the passage mainly about?
   a) Defining personality traits
   b) The content of the project
   c) The landscape of Great Britain
   d) Personality traits of British people
   e) Unpredictable results of the project
2. Which is NOT mentioned about new research according to the passage?
   a) It covered England, Wales and Scotland
   b) It was conducted over two years
   c) It was also called “Big Five”
   d) It involved 400, 000 people
   e) It was an online survey
3. Choose the WRONG statement according to the passage.
   a) It ranked personalities
   b) It contained 100 questions
   c) It was held by Cambridge University
   d) Its results were published in a journal
   e) It tested the BBC employers’ personality
4. Choose the correct answer according to the passage.
   The survey results showed that people____________
   1. in London are energetic
   2. in South England are quiet
   3. in North England are social
   4. in Scotland are more agreeable
   a) 1, 4
   b) 1, 3
   c) 2, 3
   d) 3, 4
   e) 2, 4
5. Which word in the passage is closest in meaning to the definition “an outgoing, socially confident person ”
6. Complete the statement according to the passage.
   According to the paper agreeableness means ________, ___________ and _________

New research revealed the psychological landscape of Great Britain. The online survey was conducted over two years and nearly 400,000 people took part, covering the 380 local authority areas of England, Wales and Scotland. The project was conducted by Cambridge University and the BBC's Lab UK project, with the results published in the journal PLOS ONE.

Out of the 100 questions, 44 were designed to rank their personalities according to five well-established personality traits. The survey results show what they had had in their brains. People in London and in parts of south and south-east England come out as extroverts - which means they are social and energetic.

By contrast, in the North of England, and areas in east Scotland, personalities are seen as "quiet, reserved, and introverted", according to the survey.

Agreeableness ranks very highly throughout most of Scotland, as well as areas in the North, South West, and East of England. The paper says this means "friendly, trusting and kind".

1. What is the passage mainly about?
   a) Defining personality traits
   b) The content of the project
   c) The landscape of Great Britain
   d) Personality traits of British people
   e) Unpredictable results of the project
2. Which is NOT mentioned about new research according to the passage?
   a) It covered England, Wales and Scotland
   b) It was conducted over two years
   c) It was also called “Big Five”
   d) It involved 400, 000 people
   e) It was an online survey
3. Choose the WRONG statement according to the passage.
   a) It ranked personalities
   b) It contained 100 questions
   c) It was held by Cambridge University
   d) Its results were published in a journal
   e) It tested the BBC employers’ personality
4. Choose the correct answer according to the passage.
   The survey results showed that people____________
   1. in London are energetic
   2. in South England are quiet
   3. in North England are social
   4. in Scotland are more agreeable
   a) 1, 4
   b) 1, 3
   c) 2, 3
   d) 3, 4
   e) 2, 4
5. Which word in the passage is closest in meaning to the definition “an outgoing, socially confident person ”
   Answer: extrovert
6. Complete the statement according to the passage.
   According to the paper agreeableness means ________, ___________ and _________
   Answer: friendly/ trusting/ kind

Read through the questions. Then listen to the passage and answer the following questions.

1. What is the passage mainly about?
   a) Risky health problems
   b) The requirements of the survey
   c) Six statements of the questionnaire
   d) Women participating in the research
   e) Research based on women’s optimism
2. Which is NOT mentioned about the survey according to the passage?
   a) Its results were published in many journals
   b) It was used to rate women’s optimism
   c) It asked women to use 6 statements
   d) It was done twice in 2004 and 2008
   e) It involved over 70, 000 women
3. Choose the correct answer according to the passage.
   Researchers also collected information on ______________
   1. Smoking and alcohol consumption
   2. Health and behavioral features
   3. Educational status
   4. Genes and race
   5. Marital status
   a) 1, 2, 3
   b) 1, 2, 4
   c) 2, 3, 4
   d) 3, 4, 5
   e) 1, 3, 4
4. Choose the WRONG statement according to the passage.
   High optimism decreases the risk of death from _______
   a) Heart diseases
   b) Depression
   c) Cancer
   d) Ageing
   e) Stroke
5. Complete the statement according to the passage.
   The study also showed that optimism can lead to _______________ and ______________
6. Which word in the passage is closest in meaning to the definition “viruses causing diseases”

An optimistic outlook may be good for your health.

In 2004 and again in 2008, researchers used a questionnaire to rate 70,021 women on their optimism. The women were asked to indicate their degree of agreement with six statements or sentences, such as “On the whole, I am satisfied with myself” or “I certainly feel useless at times”

Researchers also collected information on educational status, smoking, alcohol consumption, health and behavioral characteristics. The women’s average age was 70 at the start of the project.

The study found significant associations between increasing levels of optimism and decreasing risks of death from cancer, heart disease, stroke, depression and infections.

Those in the quarter with the highest optimism scores had a nearly 40 percent lower risk for heart disease and stroke than those in the lowest quarter, even after controlling for other health factors. The study also showed optimism can lead to a healthier diet and longevity.

1. What is the passage mainly about?
   a) Risky health problems
   b) The requirements of the survey
   c) Six statements of the questionnaire
   d) Women participating in the research
   e) Research based on women’s optimism
2. Which is NOT mentioned about the survey according to the passage?
   a) Its results were published in many journals
   b) It was used to rate women’s optimism
   c) It asked women to use 6 statements
   d) It was done twice in 2004 and 2008
   e) It involved over 70, 000 women
3. Choose the correct answer according to the passage.
   Researchers also collected information on ______________
   1. Smoking and alcohol consumption
   2. Health and behavioral features
   3. Educational status
   4. Genes and race
   5. Marital status
   a) 1, 2, 3
   b) 1, 2, 4
   c) 2, 3, 4
   d) 3, 4, 5
   e) 1, 3, 4
4. Choose the WRONG statement according to the passage.
   High optimism decreases the risk of death from _______
   a) Heart diseases
   b) Depression
   c) Cancer
   d) Ageing
   e) Stroke
5. Complete the statement according to the passage.
   The study also showed that optimism can lead to _______________ and ______________
   Answer: a healthier diet/ longevity
6. Which word in the passage is closest in meaning to the definition “viruses causing diseases”
   Answer: infection